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Grade 6 Maths: Common fractions poster

A one-page CAPS Grade 6 Maths poster on common fractions (Fractions and decimals), with the key ideas, key words and a tip to remember.

CAPS Grade 6MathsFractions and decimalsFree
Maths · Grade 6 · Fractions and decimals
Common fractions

1Kinds of fractions

  • Proper fraction: the numerator is smaller than the denominator.
  • Improper fraction: the numerator is bigger than the denominator.
  • Mixed number: a whole number and a fraction.
Example

135 = 2 35 (13 ÷ 5 = 2 remainder 3)
4 23 = (4 × 3 + 2)/3 = 143

2Equivalent fractions

Multiply or divide the numerator and the denominator by the same number. To simplify, divide by a common factor.

Example

610 = 35 (÷ 2)
35 = 1220 (× 4)
1824 = 34 (÷ 6)

3Comparing and ordering

Write the fractions with the same denominator. Then compare the numerators.

Example

56 = 1012, so 56 > 712
13, 512, 12 is 412, 512, 612

4Adding and subtracting

Same denominators: add or subtract the numerators. If one denominator is a multiple of the other, change the smaller fraction first.

Example

12 + 310 = 510 + 310 = 810 = 45
1112 − 14 = 1112 − 312 = 812 = 23

5Mixed numbers

Add or subtract the wholes and the fractions. If you cannot take away, exchange 1 whole for a fraction.

Example

3 23 + 1 56 = 3 46 + 1 56 = 4 96 = 5 36 = 5 12
6 15 − 2 710 = 6 210 − 2 710 = 5 1210 − 2 710 = 3 510 = 3 12

6A fraction of a number

Divide by the denominator. Then multiply by the numerator.

Example

37 of 56: 56 ÷ 7 = 8, then 8 × 3 = 24

Key words

numerator
the top number of a fraction
denominator
the bottom number of a fraction
equivalent fractions
fractions that show the same amount
improper fraction
a fraction that is bigger than 1 whole
mixed number
a whole number and a fraction together
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